Last week, Health Affairs and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation released a policy brief detailing what risk adjustment is, how it works, and how policy issues are involved in its implementation. Risk adjustment involves a third party such as the federal or state government collecting data from claims and diagnoses for all enrollees in a particular market. Then, plans with higher than average health risks will receive payments whereas plans with lower than average risks will pay more. Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), risk adjustment systems must be set up for all qualified health plans (QHPs) that are sold in the individual and small group markets starting in 2014. The purpose of risk adjustment is to protect plans from losing money as a result of covering individuals with high-cost conditions. The system is currently used for Medicare Advantage plans, Medicare Part D benefits, many Medicaid managed care programs, and the Massachusetts exchange market.
The risk adjustment methods currently in place under Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D may not translate well to the populations covered and to the individual and small group plan offerings under the ACA, according to the issue brief. A RAND Corporation simulation found that risk adjustment was variably successful in adjusting payments across the different types of exchange plans to be offered.
May 8, 2013
The temporary risk corridors program allows the federal government to share a QHP’s profits or losses among other QHP issuers due to inaccurate rate setting inside the Exchanges from 2014-2016. To determine whether a QHP issuer has inaccurately set premium rates that lead to an unjustified profit or loss, a QHP’s “allowable costs” must be calculated per the requirements in the Premium Stabilization Rule. The IFR modifies the definition of “allowable costs” such that a QHP’s allowable costs are to be determined based on its pro-rata share of the QHP issuer’s incurred claims for all non-grandfathered health plans within a state, and allocated to the QHP based on premiums earned by the issuer in the market...
May 1, 2013
This Age Curve portion of the sub-regulatory guidance reminds states that in the absence of a state-established and HHS-approved uniform age rating curve for the purpose of age rating in the individual and small group markets, a federal default standard will apply. The statute and final rule require that the premium rate charged by an issuer in the individual and small group market (for non-grandfathered plans) may vary by age, but not by more than a 3:1 ratio for adults. Moreover, the final rule defines, and the sub-regulatory guidance reiterates, the standard age bands for insurance rating purposes as follows...
December 10, 2012
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) included health insurance market reforms designed to ensure that individuals and small businesses could not be denied coverage or be charged significantly higher premiums because of an individual’s health status. While some of the market reforms enacted in the ACA were designed to go into effect shortly after enactment (e.g., requiring issuers and employer-sponsored plans to cover adult children up to age 26 on a parent’s health plan, and limiting pre-existing condition exclusions) the most sweeping reforms...
April 4, 2012
The reinsurance, risk corridor and risk adjustment programs, established under the ACA at sections 1341, 1342 and 1343, respectively, were developed to mitigate possible health insurance adverse selection and to maintain stable premiums in the individual and small group markets as implementation of the ACA’s insurance market reforms and health insurance Exchanges begin in 2014. Under ACA section 1341, each state must establish a temporary reinsurance program for years 2014-2016 to help stabilize premiums for coverage of high-risk individuals in the private market. Section 1342 of the ACA requires the HHS Secretary to establish a temporary risk corridor program...
July 19, 2011
A major problem in the U.S. health care system is the lack of affordable health insurance options for individuals and small businesses. These groups also have no easy way to compare plans in terms of premium cost, benefits and cost sharing, provider networks, or quality of care provided. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) seeks to address these problems by making private health insurance available to qualified small businesses and individuals through health insurance Exchanges beginning January 1, 2014.
No Comments